Healthcare systems widely use information technology (IT) for system authentication (digital signatures), web surfing, e-mails, instant messaging, protecting data at rest, Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) telephony, and cellular telephony. To protect patient identification and healthcare information, cryptographic systems are widely used to secure these data from malicious third parties (adversaries). In our healthcare systems, we have had reasonable success in the efficient storage of the information of our patients and their families, in its timely retrieval, and in ensuring its safety from adversaries. However, the data are increasing rapidly and our current computational systems could be inadequate in the not-so-distant future. In this context, there is a need for novel solutions. One possibility can be seen in quantum computing (QC) algorithms/devices that can provide elegant solutions based on subatomic interactions. In this review, we have summarized current information on the need, current options, and future possibilities for the use of QC algorithms/devices in large data systems such as healthcare. This article combines peer-reviewed evidence from our own clinical studies with the results of an extensive literature search in the databases PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus.
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